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Verbal Abuse - What's It Look Like? Are there Signs?

Dr. Kurt Smith, LMFT, LPCC, AFC
May 1, 2019

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Abuse in relationships can take many forms. Physical abuse is what we often think of because in many cases it’s obvious. But verbal abuse happens much more often than physical and more than many people realize.

Verbal abuse is a common form of abuse in many relationships. However, it can be very subtle and hard to recognize, so much so that often victims don't even know it’s happening. Many will assume, or be told, that this is what’s normal in a relationship. And because of that belief wait an extremely long time before seeking help, if they ever do.

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Verbal abuse is often disguised or explained away as something else, such as humor ("I was just making a joke") or love ("you know I love you"). A skilled abuser can destroy your self-esteem while at the same time making you believe that they really care for you. Verbal abuse can also become so regular that it becomes normal communication.

How Can You Tell If You’re Being Verbally Abused

Victims often confuse verbal abuse with communication that occurs during arguing or normal disagreements. But verbal abuse goes far beyond disagreement and there is nothing normal about it. A verbal abuser seeks to control his or her partner with words and intimidation. They routinely seek to undermine the confidence and independence of their victim, causing them to question their own abilities and live in fear of doing or saying the wrong thing.

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A common problem for victims of verbal abuse is that the abuse makes them confused and they don't know what to believe - their own thoughts or the abusers' words. Their sense of self and personal identity becomes reliant upon what their abuser tells them.

So if verbal abuse is so hard to recognize, are there any verbal abuse signs? Yes.

Below are 8 verbal abuse signs. These are from the article How Can Someone Identify and Respond to Verbal Abuse? by Cathy Meyer.

  1. Being called names by your spouse. Any negative form of name calling is unacceptable. If you feel that it is a put down, then it most likely is. There are names that are obvious and, without question abusive. Then there are the covert, veiled attempts to put a spouse down that are harder to identify. Verbal abusers love to use constructive criticism to beat a spouse down. If your spouse is constantly criticizing you, “for your own good,” be careful. This is the most insidious form of verbal abuse.
  2. Using words to shame. Critical, sarcastic, mocking words meant to put you down either alone or in front of other people.
  3. Yelling, swearing and screaming. I call this the “walking on eggs shells” syndrome because you are living with someone who goes verbally ballistic for very little cause.
  4. Using threats to intimidate. No threat should be taken likely, even if your spouse tells you they are only joking, especially if it causes you to change behaviors or to feel on guard in the relationship.
  5. Blaming the victim. Your spouse blows his/her top and then blames you for their actions and behavior. If you were only perfect they wouldn’t lose control!
  6. Your feelings are dismissed. Your spouse refuses to discuss issues that upset you. They avoid discussion of any topic where they might have to take responsibility for their actions or words.
  7. You often wonder why you feel so bad. You bury your feelings, walk on egg shells and work so hard at keeping the peace that every day becomes an emotional chore. You feel depressed and have even wondered if you are crazy.
  8. Manipulating your actions. The persistent and intense use of threatening words to get you to do something or act in a way you find uncomfortable. This form of verbal abuse is common at the end of a marriage. If your spouse doesn’t want a divorce they will say whatever it takes to play on your emotions, to get you to stay in the marriage. All in an attempt to get you to comply with their desires, regardless of what is best for you as an individual.

What Should You Do About Verbal Abuse?

Do you recognize any of these verbal abuse signs in your relationship? If so, in the next post we'll take a look at some of the things you can do to stop the verbally abusive behavior in your relationship.

One of the things you’ll need to do first, however, is recognize and accept that you're in an abusive relationship. Verbal abuse can be very easy to explain away, but doing so will mean that not only will things not change, but they’ll very likely get worse. Abusers don’t typically change their ways without intervention and help. And unfortunately, verbal abuse can often escalate into physical abuse.

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The next thing to do is get some help. If the verbal abuser won’t get help then get it yourself without them. There are things you can learn do to change their behavior and lessen the toll on you.

If you feel that you or someone you love could be in a verbally abusive relationship it’s time to get help.

This is the first article of two on verbal abuse and signs of verbal abuse. In the next article, Verbal Abuse - 8 things You Can Do To Stop Verbal Abuse, we'll identify things you can do to stop verbal abuse. Sign-up for our blog at the bottom of this page and be sure not to miss future articles like this one.

Editor's Note: This post was originally published August 27, 2010. It has been updated for accuracy and comprehensiveness.

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Read Comments from Others with Similar Experiences - Click 'View full post' below or scroll down

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21 comments on “Verbal Abuse - What's It Look Like? Are there Signs?”

  1. So my boyfriend and I have been living together for a year and have been together for 2. Everything is fine between us and people have always told us we're such a happy couple. We belong together, etc. Then one day he starts changing. Becoming distant. It's like he has no emotion. He denies me sex. He doesn't talk about his feelings or doesn't care about mine (so it seems). I've been an emotional wreck and all the things he says are embedded in my head. Like "one of us have to work" "f**k you're lazy. Why you still sleeping" "quite being a baby and so needy" I'm 22 years old and I know for a fact I don't deserve that. I have been so good to him it tears me up that he treats me this way. I want to tell him how he's treating me and see if he's willing to change. If not. Then I'm leaving. There's a lot more but my question is. How do I go abouts talking to him about verbally abusing me. If he won't accept. Then I have no choice to leave. This hurt is unbearable.

    1. Court, You can't control his behavior, but you can control how you react to it. Read more of the articles under the subject Abusive Relationships on the right of this page for suggestions. -Kurt

    2. You're too young to be tied down like this anyway. You don't have to tolerate being treated this way and should leave and enjoy being young and on your own.

  2. I met my husband in the Dominican Republic we married last year. I lost my job in NY in October of last year. We moved to Florida in December 2015 since my husband arrived he has been wanting me to sponsor his daughter. he always bad mouthed me to his family and friends I'm 13 years older than him and now he calls me an old lady. I have a Master's but feel really bad that I have not found a job I was giving a severance package which ended . my husband refused to put me on his health insurance. I wan to leave him but right now I"m unemployed. He is very rude and offensive he sees women and looks at them without any regards for me. HELP ME please . I hired a divorce attorney I've asked to hold on to see if he changes and nothing. and Now that I'm unemployed i'm afraid...

    1. Madeline, Change is always scary. You can only control what you do, and what you allow will continue. Check out some of the articles in the Divorce Advice section on the right of this page. I think you will find them helpful. -Kurt

  3. He is obviously using you. He talks bad about you to his family, won't cover your insurance and wants you to put yourself out there to sponsor his kid so she can come here? Why on earth would you tolerate that? Not having a job is temporary - go find anything (it's always easier to find a job when you have one), and leave.

    1. Thank you both. MIDLIFE Wife. I truly appreciate your advice. i love the fact that you said not having a job is temporary. As a result, I applied to junior jobs as well! thank you. last night i found out he has been video taping me when we argued. My attorney said he is trying to build a case against me with immigration. I forgot to mention that he called the cops on me once. but thank God the cop said to him you can't call cops for non emergency. the more I analyze this I know that he used me. this packed three suitcase and said he was returning to his country and this evening he unpacked. the sad thing is that I truly believed he was in love with me. but I'm taking control of my life once again thank YOU!!!! I

    2. My husband hit me on Sunday. I provoked him and he went off. after i made believe I called the cops. and he calmed down. he called his family to tell them that I waited until he came home at 3 in the morning and I hit him first he also tried calling my family to same the samething. I had stopped the divorce because I thought we could work it out. on monday i visited my attorney she was not available as a result, i met her on thursday, i will go back next week to sign the docs and have it deliver to him. My husband has continues to talk to anyone who listens about the situation. I'm feeling so embarrassed but this time I said this time I will go through with the divorce. i feel horrible because i know it will be bad for me to stay in the country and the worst part is that we are connected his niece is my cousin. but him and I are not family members. I was holding on and I'm very scared because I have not found a job. and my fears is almost taking over my mind. I pray that I"m doing the right thing. I don't want to hurt him. he has not left my place. i just don't understand why he doesn't leave. sometimes i think about my situation that i'm not working and I just pray to God that I don't stay homeless. and that I get the job I interviewed for so I won't be so afraid and I could move on with my life. I wish him the best. but it hurts me so much that he has bad mouthed me and say that I hit him. why does he lies? he told my family in DR that I'm a drunk. but yet this week he knocked on my room door 3 times asking me if I need money that he will leave his ATM card, that he cooked that if Iwant to eat. i'm so confused God why doesn't this end quick? today if feel so sad because once he gets the divorce documents he will see that I m not kidding he hit me and that I won't allow for him to it again.

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